HIAT2015 - Classification: Room Temperature and Superconducting Cyclotrons

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MOA1C02

GANIL Operation Status and New Range of Post-Accelerated Exotic Beams

O. Kamalou, O. Bajeat, F. Chautard, P. Delahaye, M. Dubois, L. Maunoury, G. Normand, A. Savalle
GANIL, Caen, France
J. Angot, T. Lamy
LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France

The GANIL facility (Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds) at Caen produces and accelerates stable ion beams since 1982 for nuclear physics, atomic physics, radiobiology and material irradiation. The range of stable beam intensity available at GANIL extends from very low intensity (< 10⁹ pps) to high beam intensity (~2.10¹³ pps). The review of the operation from 2001 to 2015 is presented. One of the methods to produce exotic beam at GANIL, is the Isotope Separation On-Line method with SPIRAL1 facility. It is running since 2001, producing and post-accelerating radioactive ion beams mainly from gaseous elements. Due to the physicists demands for new radioactive nuclei, the facility is being improved in the framework of the project "Upgrade SPIRAL1". The goal of the project is to extend the mass range of post-accelerated as well as low energy exotic beams using devoted 1+ Target Ion Source System associated with a charge breeder. The latest results of the charge breeder tests and the status of the upgrade will be presented.

Slides MOA1C02 [5.409 MB]

MOA1C03

Proposal to Increase the Extracted Beam Power from the LNS-INFN Superconducting Cyclotron

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A. Calanna, L. Calabretta, G. Dagostino, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
A. Radovinsky
MIT/PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

The LNS Superconducting Cyclotron is an isochronous 3-sector compact machine with a wide mass-energy range of heavy ions: beams from protons to lead from 10 to 80 AMeV have been accelerated for the past 20 years. The extraction efficiency is low since a big percentage of the accelerated beam is lost on the electrostatic deflector. Recently, the demand of intense light ion beams, A<20, arose to study rare processes such as the nuclear matrix element in the double charge exchange reactions. Extraction by stripping has been envisaged to increase the maximum intensity by a factor 10-100, so to reach beam power values of few kWatt. Here the feasibility study of the new extraction for this range of ions is presented. The new beam dynamics features have been evaluated and, as a consequence, mechanical constraints have been considered too. It emerges that a new wide extraction channel fulfils the beam requirements. Therefore, a new cryostat has to replace the present one. A first feasibility study of the new cryostat has already accomplished by the PSFC of MIT. A more complete technical design report is under preparation to have the necessary elements to estimate costs and time schedule.

Slides MOA1C03 [6.174 MB]

MOA2C01

Design of a Sector Magnet for High Temperature Superconducting Injector Cyclotron

K. Kamakura, M. Fukuda, K. Hatanaka, S. Morinobu, K. Nagayama, T. Saito, K. Shimada, H. Tamura, H. Ueda, Y. Yasuda, T. Yorita
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

We propose a separated sector cyclotron (SSC) using high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet for a next generation cyclotron. From its stability and low operating cost, HTS cyclotrons are expected to apply for accelerator-driven subcritical reactors or beam cancer treatment systems. On the other hand, we still have a variety of issues and challenges to implement them. As a first step, we are planning to develop an HTS cyclotron as an injector for K400 ring cyclotron at RCNP. It will be the first attempt in the world. This plan will improve beam intensity in our facility and also contribute to component developments for the next generation cyclotron. The most serious issues are development of large-size HTS magnets that can be used in SSC. One-meter-size HTS dipole magnet is made for testing. Now we are going to exam the magnet and evaluate the characteristics of large HTS magnets. The result of the test will be incorporated with the sector magnet design. Moreover, we have been working on conceptual design of the new injector, developed magnetic field and orbit analysis programs. In this session, the current status of designing HTS injector cyclotron at RCNP will be discussed.

Slides MOA2C01 [8.160 MB]

MOA2C02

Injection and Acceleration of Intense Heavy Ion Beams in JINR New Cyclotron DC280

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I.A. Ivanenko, G.G. Gulbekyan, N.Yu. Kazarinov, E.V. Samsonov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

At the present time the activities on creation of the new heavy-ion isochronous cyclotron DC280 are carried out at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The isochronous cyclotron DC-280 will produce accelerated beam of ions with A/Z= 4-7 to energy W= 4-8 MeV/n and intensity up to 10 pμA (for 48Ca). The goal for DC-280 accelerator complex is more then 40 % beam transfer efficiency. To achieve high-intensity ion beam, the cyclotron is equipped with high-voltage, up to 80 kV, injection line and independent Flat-Top RF system. To decrease the aperture losses at centre region the electrostatic quadruple lens will be installed between inflector and first accelerating gap. The paper presents the results of simulation of beam injection and acceleration.

Slides MOA2C02 [8.840 MB]

MOPA06

PROPOSAL FOR A HIGH POWER DEUTERON CYCLOTRON AT RISP

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A. Calanna, L. Calabretta
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
A. Adelmann
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
J.R. Alonso
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
D. Campo
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
S.C. Jeong, J.-W. Kim
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
J.J. Yang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A compact isochronous cyclotron able to deliver a 10 mA proton beam has been studied for the IsoDAR experiment, which aim is to search sterile neutrino and to investigate the neutrino-electron scattering. The IsoDAR cyclotron has been designed to accelerate high current beam for any ion with q/A=0.5 up to the maximum energy of 60 AMeV. In the IsoDAR experiment H²⁺ ions will be used. However, this cyclotron is also able to accelerate D⁺ or D- ions. In this operational mode, it could be an excellent driver for radioactive facilities with a full beam power of 60 to 120 kW. The advantages to use IsoDAR cyclotron as driver for the RISP (Rare Isotope Science Project) facility in Daejeon, Korea, will be described. The different kinds of extraction by electrostatic deflectors and by stripper, as well as the different advantages and disadvantages will be described too. The expected beam intensities for light ions as 12C⁶⁺, 16O⁸⁺ and 20Ne¹⁰⁺ will be also presented.

MOPA07

Progress on the Upgrade for TRT at NIRS Cyclotron Facility

S. Hojo, K. Katagiri, M. Nakao, A. Noda, K. Noda, A. Sugiura, T. Wakui
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
K. Nagatsu, H. Suzuki
National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage, Chiba, Japan

The cyclotron facility at National Institute of Radiological Science (NIRS) includes two cyclotrons, a NIRS-930 cyclotron (Thomson-CSF, Kb=110 MeV and Kf=90 MeV) and a small cyclotron HM-18 (Sumitomo-Heavy-Industry). The NIRS-930 cyclotron has been used for radionuclide production, nuclear physics, detector development and so on, since the first beam in 1973. The HM-18 has been used for radionuclide production for PET since the 1994. In recent years, the radionuclide production for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) by using NIRS-930 has been one of the most important activities in NIRS. Since demand of radionuclide users on beam intensity is growing, we have launched to upgrade the cyclotron facility, such as installation of multi-harmonic beam buncher in NIRS-930 and a reinforcement of nuclear ventilation system in a cave. Progress on the upgrade for TRT at the cyclotron facility and status of the NIRS cyclotrons are to be presented in this report.

MOPA08

The Multi Particle Simulation for the Cyclotron NIRS-930

M. Nakao, S. Hojo, K. Katagiri, A. Noda, K. Noda, A. Sugiura, T. Wakui
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
A. Goto
Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The simulation of the beam for the cyclotron NIRS-930 at NIRS has been performed with the use of the SNOP program* in order to study beam dynamics in a cyclotron and to improve beam intensity. SNOP simulated from beam injection to extraction with the electric fields of the inflector, the Dee electrodes and the deflector; the magnetic fields of the main coils, the trim coils and the harmonic coils and the magnetic channel which were calculated by OPERA-3d. The simulation of proton with 30 MeV extraction energy with harmonic number of 1 was already performed and well simulated RF phase and extraction efficiency**. Then we tried to apply SNOP to 18 MeV protons with harmonic 2. We first formed isochronous magnetic field with main and trim coils for simulating single particle. Next we optimized electric deflector and magnetic channel in order to maximize extraction efficiency simulating the bunch of particles. Beam loss of the simulation was compared to the experiment. We intend to apply optimized simulation parameters for actual cyclotron operation to improve beam intensity and quality.
* V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov, Proc. of RUPAC2012 TUPPB008 325 (2012)
** V.L. Smirnov et al., Proc. of IPAC2012 292 (2012)

MOPA09

RIKEN Ring Cyclotron (RRC)

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Y. Watanabe, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, E. Ikezawa, O. Kamigaito, M. Kase, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, K. Ozeki, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, S. Watanabe, K. Yamada
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
S. Fukuzawa, M. Hamanaka, S. Ishikawa, K. Kobayashi, R. Koyama, T. Nakamura, M. Nishida, M. Nishimura, J. Shibata, N. Tsukiori, K. Yadomi
SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

The RIKEN Ring Cyclotron (RRC) has been in stable operation over 28 years, and has been used for supplying many types of heavy-ion beams for various experiments. Since 2007, it has also been used for supplying beams to the three Ring Cyclotrons at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF). The RRC has three types of injectors: the AVF cyclotron for comparatively light ions, variable-frequency linac for heavy-ions (RILAC), and the RIKEN Heavy-ions Linac 2 (RILAC2) for using high-intensity very-heavy ions. The total operation time of the RRC is more than 4000 h/year. Recently, some problems caused by age-related deterioration have often been occurring in the RRC. Some main coils of sector magnets had a sign of layer short. Two Magnetic Deflection Channels and some electrodes of Electrostatic Deflection Channel were damaged by some beam-loss. Several leaks of vacuum have happened at a feed-through of trim coils in the E-sector, at a bellows between the Resonator No.2 and the S-sector magnet, and at some copper cooling water pipes in the Resonator No.1 and the Resonator No.2. These present statuses of the RRC are presented in this paper.

MOPA10

Development of Low-Energy Heavy-Ion Beams by the RIKEN AVF Cyclotron and Hyper ECR Ion Source of CNS

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Y. Kotaka, N. Imai, H. Muto, Y. Ohshiro, S. Shimoura, S.-I. Watanabe, H. Yamaguchi
CNS, Saitama, Japan
A. Goto
Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
K. Hatanaka
RCNP, Osaka, Japan
M. Kase, S. Kubono
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan

The application of low-energy heavy-ion beams enhances production of radioisotope (RI) and studies of nuclear astrophysics.　The Center for Nuclear Study (CNS) of the University of Tokyo and RIKEN Nishina Center have been developing the RIKEN AVF Cyclotron (AVF) and the Hyper ECR Ion Source (IS) of CNS to expand available ions and their acceleration energies as well as to increase the beam intensity for studies at the low-energy RI beam separator CRIB * and others. Renovation of central region of the AVF expands the acceptance of injection beam, so that 4He beam is now available at a higher energy of 12.5MeV/u under the constraint that the maximal Dee voltage is 50kV. Intensities of metallic ions extracted from the IS have been increased by developing three kinds of vaporization methods, multi-hole micro-oven, non-axial rod and MIVOC. Plasma spectroscopy ** is applied to monitor the intensities of highly charged ions in the IS. For systematic study of transport efficiencies, several beam diagnostic devices have been added. One key device is a set of a multi-hole slit and a viewer of the beam image (pepper-pot emittance monitor ***), which gives four-dimensional phase space.
* Y. Yanagisawa et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. Phys. Res. A539 (2005) 74
** H. Muto et al., Rev. Sci. Instr. 85 (2014) 02A905
*** T. Hoffmann et al., Proc. 9th BIW2000, Cambridge, USA, PP.432-439

MOPA11

Phase Bunching in the Central Region of the JAEA AVF Cyclotron for Heavy-Ion Acceleration in the Third-Harmonic Mode

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N. Miyawaki, H. Kashiwagi, S. Kurashima, S. Okumura
JAEA/TARRI, Gunma-ken, Japan
M. Fukuda
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

Phase bunching using a rising slope of a dee-voltage at the first acceleration gap was evaluated by analysis of a simplified geometric trajectory analysis model and the measurement of the internal beam phase distribution for the acceleration harmonic number (h) 3 to accelerate the heavy ion in the JAEA AVF cyclotron. The calculated correlation between the internal beam phase and the initial beam phase by the model was consistent with the measurement result of the beam phase distributions with the initial beam phase, defined by adjusting the relative RF phase of the beam buncher. The measured correlation indicated that the initial beam phase width larger than 60 RF degrees was compressed to less than 15 RF degrees, and the internal beam phase was independent of the initial beam phase. The phase bunching effect was almost equal to that for h = 2 with different geometric electrode from h = 3 in the central region.

MOPA12

Status Report of the Operation of the RIKEN AVF Cyclotron

K. Suda, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, T. Kageyama, O. Kamigaito, M. Kase, M. Komiyama, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, M. Nagase, T. Nagatomo, T. Nakagawa, H. Okuno, N. Sakamoto, A. Uchiyama, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
S. Fukuzawa, M. Hamanaka, S. Ishikawa, K. Kobayashi, R. Koyama, T. Nakamura, M. Nishida, M. Nishimura, J. Shibata, N. Tsukiori, K. Yadomi
SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
Y. Kotaka, Y. Ohshiro, S. Yamaka
CNS, Saitama, Japan

The RIKEN AVF cyclotron was commissioned in 1989. Since then, it has been operated as an injector for the RIKEN ring cyclotron. The AVF cyclotron also provides low energy ion beams for the Radio-Isotope Beam separator (CRIB) of the Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), the University of Tokyo, as well as to produce RIs for commercial use. The operating time is more than 3,000 hours per year. We will report the operating status (nuclear species, energy, supply destination of accelerated ions), troubles, maintenance work, and the improvement of ion sources and diagnostics tools for the period from August 2014 to July 2015.

MOPA13

Improvement of Mass-to-Charge Ratio Resolution of the JAEA AVF Cyclotron Using a Beam Chopping System

1

S. Kurashima, H. Kashiwagi, N. Miyawaki
JAEA/TARRI, Gunma-ken, Japan
M. Fukuda
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

A mass-to-charge ratio (M/Q) resolution of the JAEA cyclotron (K110) is about 3,300 and this high-resolution enables us to quickly change the ion species to be accelerated by a cocktail beam acceleration technique. In this technique, a few ion species having almost the same M/Q are injected into the cyclotron, and the ion species whose cyclotron frequency is completely matches the acceleration frequency is extracted from the cyclotron. The ion species extracted from the cyclotron can be changed by adjusting the acceleration frequency corresponding to the M/Q difference. To improve the M/Q resolution, a new technique is being developed by combining the cocktail beam acceleration and beam chopping techniques. The beam chopping system consists of a pre-beam kicker installed in the beam injection line and a post-beam kicker downstream of the cyclotron. The chopping system is able to pick up beam bunches arbitrarily from a pulse train of an ion beam. At present, we have succeeded to separate the 250 MeV 40Ar¹⁰⁺ beam from the 225 MeV 36Ar⁹⁺, and the M/Q resolution was significantly improved from 3,300 to 25,000 by this new method.

MOPA14

Electrostatic Deflector of the Cyclotron DC-280 Axial Injection Channel

N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The spherical electrostatic deflector will be used in the axial injection channel of the DC-280 cyclotron for rotation of the ion beam onto vertical axis. The results of the simulation of beam dynamics in the deflector based on 3D electrical field map are discussed in this report. The results of simulation of the ion beam transport in the axial injection beam line of the cyclotron are presented also.

Poster MOPA14 [0.366 MB]